Linux commands

Linux general commands

Command	Description
tty	Shows the terminal where you are connected
free	Shows free memory
date	Shows date
cal	Shows calendar
clear	Clear screen
who	Connected persons
whoami	Who am i
uname	Shows system info
du	Disk ussage
df	Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h
man <command>	Sowhs a command manual page
apropos <subject>	Sows commnads related to a subject
info <command>	Sows command info
history	Shows the commnad history (contained in ~.bash_history)
pwd	Shows working directory
touch <file_name>	Creates an empty file
alias	Creates a commnad
cat <filename>	Shows file content
more <filename>	Shows file content, screen by screen
head	Shows file start (-n, -f,...)
tail	Shows file end (-n, -f, ...)
sort	Sorts the content of a file line by line
<cmd1> | <cmd2>	Pipe: takes the output of command1 as input of command2. example: cat /etc/passwd | sort | more
rsync -a ruta1 ruta2 [--exclude=/{dir1, dir2..]/]	Copies files from ruta1 to ruta2 excluding dir1, dir2,...
grep <text>	finds text
wc -l	Counts lines
find	Find files
apt-get	Package installation and system update
dpkg	.deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb
su	Log as root at the terminal (sudo su)
mount	File sistem mounting
vim	Text file editor
mc	Midnight commander. File system navigation
alien	Migrate packages from .rpm to .deb and vice versa
scp	Copy files to a remote machine over ssh protocol
wget	Download files/web pages

Processes

Commands	Description

Users

Command	Description
w	Show connected users
chown <NewOwner>:<NewGroup> <File>	Change file owner
chgrp <NewGroup> <File>	Change group of file

Processes

Command	Description
CTRL + C	Stop process
CTRL + Z	Pause process
%PID	Recover paused process
<command>&	Execute command in second plane
bg <command>	Execute command in second plane
ps	List processes
pstree	Show process tree
top	Processes viewer
htop	Process viewer more advanced than top
kill %PID	Terminate process
nice, renice	Process priorities: nice -n <command>
nohup <command>	Execute process avoiding its stop if the terminal is stopt
pgrep <pattern>	Retruns process that matches pattern
locate <program>	Returns program path

       vnc:escritorio remoto

Firewall

iptables -l List firewall rules service iptables [start, stop] Activate/deactivate firewall route -n Muestra la tabla de enrutamiento

Instalar KDE

apt-get install kali-defaults kali-root-login desktop-base kde-full

aptitude --purge paquete desinstala un paquete

df -h Muestra lo que hay montado fdisk -l Muestra las particiones

COMPILAR KERNEL 1.- Descargar fuentes apt-get install (version nucleo se averigua con uname -r) se guarda en /usr/src/versionkernel descomprimir el archivo con tar xvf archivo entrar en la carpeta descomprimida 2.- Configurar 3.- Compilar instalar build-essential y libncurses5-dev (con apt-get install) make clean limpia anteriores compilaciones make menuconfig make deb-pkg se generan: linux-image.dev linux-libc.dev linux-headers.deb instalar con dpkg -i

WGET wget -xr website.com will download recursively all the files on that site

          -r
      --recursive
          Turn on recursive retrieving.    The default maximum depth is 5.
      -l depth
      --level=depth
          Specify recursion maximum depth level depth

       wget -m http://nombredelsitioweb.com
       wget -H -r --level=1 -k -p http://nombredelsitioweb.com"

TERMINATOR

       inciar: terminator

       dividir horizontal: CTRL+SHIFT+O
       dividir vertical CTRL+SHIFT+E
       Redimensionar CTRL+SHIFT+FLECHAS
       carmibar de terminal: ALT+FLECHA
       Copiar: CTRL+SHIFT+C
       Pegar: CTRL+SHIFT+V
       Cerrar ventana: CTRL+SHIFT+W
       Mostrartodos/Mostrar 1: CTRL+SHIFT+X
       Cerrar todo: CTRL+SHIFT+Q
       Ampliar/reducir texto: CTRL+ '+/-'
       Agrupar todos los terminales en una ventana: SUPER+t
       Desagrupar todos los terminales de una ventana: SUPER+SHIFT+T

       Archivo de configuración: /.config/terminator/config    +++man terminator_config

JOHN

               se crea el directorio /root/.john
       john --wordlist:[archivodiccionario] [archivo paswords]
       john --show[=LEFT]             show cracked passwords [if =LEFT, then uncracked]

ARCHIVOS IMPORTANTES

       /etc/sudoers
       carpetas de archivos ejecutables (para cada usuario en archivo home .bashrc, abrir con vim.bashrc)
                       (Ver /usr/share/doc/examples/startup-files del paquete bash-doc)
               /opt/sge/bin
               /usr/local/bin
       /etc/init.d/ "directorio para los escripts de los daemons aplicaciones arrancan al inicio.

RED /etc/network/interfaces Configuración de red /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/name-of-connection NETWORK nm-tool nm-connection-editor /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/name-of-connection iwconfig: Muestra las conexiones inalambrica service networkmanager restart: Reinicia network manager service networking restart: Reinicia el demonio de red HARDWARE lspci -v: Muestra información dispositivos PCI