Difference between revisions of "Linux commands"

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! Command !! Description
 
! Command !! Description
 +
| [[Linux_command:_alias|alias]] || Creates a commnad
 
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|-
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| tty || Shows the terminal where you are connected
+
| [[Linux_command:_alien|alien]] || Migrate packages from .rpm to .deb and vice versa
 
|-
 
|-
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| free || Shows free memory
+
| apropos <subject> || Sows commnads related to a subject
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Linux_command:_date|date]] || Shows date
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| [[Linux_comand:_apt-get|apt-get]] || Package installation and system update
 
|-
 
|-
 
| cal || Shows calendar
 
| cal || Shows calendar
 +
|-
 +
| cat <filename> || Shows file content
 
|-
 
|-
 
| clear || Clear screen
 
| clear || Clear screen
 
|-
 
|-
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| who || Connected persons
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| [[Linux_command:_date|date]] || Shows date
 
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|-
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| whoami || Who am i
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| df || Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h 
 
|-
 
|-
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| [[Linux_command:_uname|uname]] || Shows system info
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| dpkg || .deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb
 
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| [[Linux_command:_du|du]] || Disk ussage  
 
| [[Linux_command:_du|du]] || Disk ussage  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| df || Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h 
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| [[Linux_command:_fdisk|fdisk]] || Disk partition utility
 +
|-
 +
| free || Shows free memory
 
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|-
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| man <command> || Sowhs a command manual page
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| grep <text> || finds text
 
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|-
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| [[Linux_command:_ln|ln]] | Create simbolic links
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| head || Shows file start (-n, -f,...)
 
|-
 
|-
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| apropos <subject> || Sows commnads related to a subject
+
| history || Shows the commnad history (contained in ~.bash_history)
 
|-
 
|-
 
| info <command> || Sows command info
 
| info <command> || Sows command info
 
|-
 
|-
−
| history || Shows the commnad history (contained in ~.bash_history)
+
| [[Linux_command:_ln|ln]] | Create simbolic links
 
|-
 
|-
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| pwd || Shows working directory
+
| lspci -v || View PCI device information
 
|-
 
|-
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| touch <file_name> || Creates an empty file
+
| [[Linux_command:_uname|uname]] || Shows system info
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Linux_command:_alias|alias]] || Creates a commnad
+
| man <command> || Sowhs a command manual page
 
|-
 
|-
−
| cat <filename> || Shows file content
+
| mc || Midnight commander. File system navigation
 
|-
 
|-
 
| more <filename> || Shows file content, screen by screen
 
| more <filename> || Shows file content, screen by screen
 
|-
 
|-
−
| head || Shows file start (-n, -f,...)
+
| mount || File sistem mounting
 
|-
 
|-
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| tail || Shows file end (-n, -f, ...)
+
| pwd || Shows working directory
−
|-
 
−
| sort || Sorts the content of a file line by line
 
−
|-
 
−
| <nowiki><cmd1> | <cmd2></nowiki> || Pipe: takes the output of command1 as input of command2. example: <nowiki>cat /etc/passwd | sort | more</nowiki>
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| rsync -a ruta1 ruta2 [--exclude=/{dir1, dir2..]/] || Copies files from ruta1 to ruta2 excluding dir1, dir2,...
 
| rsync -a ruta1 ruta2 [--exclude=/{dir1, dir2..]/] || Copies files from ruta1 to ruta2 excluding dir1, dir2,...
 
|-
 
|-
−
| grep <text> || finds text
+
| scp || Copy files to a remote machine over ssh protocol
 
|-
 
|-
−
| wc -l || Counts lines
+
| sort || Sorts the content of a file line by line
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Linux_command:_find|find]] || Find files
+
| su || Log as root at the terminal (sudo su)
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Linux_comand:_apt-get|apt-get]] || Package installation and system update
+
| sudo <command>|| Execute command as root
 
|-
 
|-
−
| dpkg || .deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb
+
| tail || Shows file end (-n, -f, ...)
 
|-
 
|-
−
| su || Log as root at the terminal (sudo su)
+
| tty || Shows the terminal where you are connected
 
|-
 
|-
−
| mount || File sistem mounting
+
| who || Connected persons
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Linux:_vim|vim]] || Text file editor
+
| whoami || Who am i
 
|-
 
|-
−
| mc || Midnight commander. File system navigation
+
| touch <file_name> || Creates an empty file
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Linux_command:_alien|alien]] || Migrate packages from .rpm to .deb and vice versa
+
| <nowiki><cmd1> | <cmd2></nowiki> || Pipe: takes the output of command1 as input of command2. example: <nowiki>cat /etc/passwd | sort | more</nowiki>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| scp || Copy files to a remote machine over ssh protocol
+
| wc -l || Counts lines
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Linux_command:_wget|wget]] || Download files/web pages
+
| [[Linux_command:_find|find]] || Find files
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Linux_command:_fdisk|fdisk]] || Disk partition utility
+
| [[Linux:_vim|vim]] || Text file editor
 
|-
 
|-
−
| [[Linux_command:_terminator|terminator]] || Advanced terminal
+
| [[Linux_command:_ln|sed]] || String replacement
 
|-
 
|-
−
| lspci -v || View PCI device information
+
| [[Linux_command:_wget|wget]] || Download files/web pages
 
|}
 
|}
  

Revision as of 19:58, 8 April 2015

Linux general commands

Command Description alias Creates a commnad
alien Migrate packages from .rpm to .deb and vice versa
apropos <subject> Sows commnads related to a subject
apt-get Package installation and system update
cal Shows calendar
cat <filename> Shows file content
clear Clear screen
date Shows date
df Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h
dpkg .deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb
du Disk ussage
fdisk Disk partition utility
free Shows free memory
grep <text> finds text
head Shows file start (-n, -f,...)
history Shows the commnad history (contained in ~.bash_history)
info <command> Sows command info
ln | Create simbolic links
lspci -v View PCI device information
uname Shows system info
man <command> Sowhs a command manual page
mc Midnight commander. File system navigation
more <filename> Shows file content, screen by screen
mount File sistem mounting
pwd Shows working directory
rsync -a ruta1 ruta2 [--exclude=/{dir1, dir2..]/] Copies files from ruta1 to ruta2 excluding dir1, dir2,...
scp Copy files to a remote machine over ssh protocol
sort Sorts the content of a file line by line
su Log as root at the terminal (sudo su)
sudo <command> Execute command as root
tail Shows file end (-n, -f, ...)
tty Shows the terminal where you are connected
who Connected persons
whoami Who am i
touch <file_name> Creates an empty file
<cmd1> | <cmd2> Pipe: takes the output of command1 as input of command2. example: cat /etc/passwd | sort | more
wc -l Counts lines
find Find files
vim Text file editor
sed String replacement
wget Download files/web pages


  • Bulleted list item

Users and File permissions

Command Description
adduser Add users w Show connected users
chown <NewOwner>:<NewGroup> <File> Change file owner
chgrp <NewGroup> <File> Change group of file
chmod Change file permissions

Processes

Command Description
CTRL + C Stop process
CTRL + Z Pause process
%PID Recover paused process
<command>& Execute command in second plane
bg <command> Execute command in second plane
ps List processes
pstree Show process tree
top Processes viewer
htop Process viewer more advanced than top
kill %PID Terminate process
nice, renice Process priorities: nice -n <command>
nohup <command> Execute process avoiding its stop if the terminal is stopt
pgrep <pattern> Retruns process that matches pattern
locate <program> Returns program path

vnc:escritorio remoto

Firewall

Command Description
iptables Firewall rules
service iptables [start, stop] Activate/deactivate firewall
route -n Shows routing table

Networking

Command Description
nm-tool Network monitor tool
nm-connection-editor Network monitor editor
ifconfig Show network configuration
iwconfig Show WiFi connections
service networkmanager restart Restart network daemon

Network Manager configuration files:

  • /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/name-of-connection

Network configuration file:

  • /etc/network/interfaces

Linux key files/directories

See: Linux key files/directories

Programs

Command Description
git Software repository
jp2a Jpg to ASCII
john John the ripper
youtube-dl YouTube video downloader
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