Difference between revisions of "Linux commands"
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| [[Linux_command:_dd|dd]] || Create / Dump images | | [[Linux_command:_dd|dd]] || Create / Dump images | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | df || Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h | + | | df || Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h -x devtmpfs -x tmpfs |
|- | |- | ||
| dpkg || .deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb | | dpkg || .deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb | ||
| Line 92: | Line 92: | ||
| [[Linux_command:_tar|tar]] || Compress/decompress tar files | | [[Linux_command:_tar|tar]] || Compress/decompress tar files | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | tail || Shows file end (-n, -f, ...) | + | | [[Linux command: tail|tail]] || Shows file end (-n, -f, ...) |
|- | |- | ||
| touch <file_name> || Creates an empty file | | touch <file_name> || Creates an empty file | ||
| Line 234: | Line 234: | ||
|} | |} | ||
vnc:escritorio remoto | vnc:escritorio remoto | ||
| + | == Save command without running to recover later == | ||
| + | ctrl+u --> saves | ||
| + | ctrl+y --> recover | ||
Latest revision as of 17:51, 10 September 2018
Linux general commands
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| alias | Creates a commnad |
| alien | Migrate packages from .rpm to .deb and vice versa |
| apropos <subject> | Sows commnads related to a subject |
| apt-get | Package installation and system update |
| awk | CLI text processor |
| cal | Shows calendar |
| cat <filename> | Shows file content |
| clear | Clear screen |
| date | Shows date |
| dd | Create / Dump images |
| df | Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h -x devtmpfs -x tmpfs |
| dpkg | .deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb |
| du | Disk ussage |
| export VARIABLE=VALUE | To create system variables |
| fsck | Check file system |
| fdisk | Disk partition utility |
| find | Find files |
| free | Shows free memory |
| gpg | GnuPG |
| grep | finds text matching regex or text |
| head | Shows file start (-n, -f,...) |
| history | Shows the commnad history (contained in ~.bash_history) |
| info <command> | Sows command info |
| ln | Create simbolic links |
| lsb_release -a | Show os name and version |
| lsblk | |
| lspci -v | View PCI device information |
| lscpu | List cpu cores |
| lsof | sudo lsof -i -n | egrep '\<ssh\>' |
| man <command> | Sowhs a command manual page |
| mc | Midnight commander. File system navigation |
| mkdosfs -F32 /dev/mmcblk0 | Format SD card with FAT32 |
| more <filename> | Shows file content, screen by screen |
| mount | File sistem mounting |
| pwd | Shows working directory |
| rsync -a ruta1 ruta2 [--exclude=/{dir1, dir2..]/] | Copies files from ruta1 to ruta2 excluding dir1, dir2,... |
| rename | Rename files allowing regex |
| scp | Copy files to a remote machine over ssh protocol |
| ssh | ssh (Secure Shell) |
| sed | String replacement |
| sort | Sorts the content of a file line by line |
| su | Log as root at the terminal (sudo su) |
| sudo <command> | Execute command as root |
| tar | Compress/decompress tar files |
| tail | Shows file end (-n, -f, ...) |
| touch <file_name> | Creates an empty file |
| tty | Shows the terminal where you are connected |
| uname | Shows system info |
| visudo | visudo is used to securely edit /etc/sudoers |
| wc -l | Counts lines |
| wget | Download files/web pages |
| vim | Text file editor |
| who | Connected persons |
| whoami | Who am i |
| xargs | Send output of command to stdin |
| <cmd1> | <cmd2> | Pipe: takes the output of command1 as input of command2. example: cat /etc/passwd | sort | more |
Users and File permissions
| Command | Description | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| adduser | Add users | w | Show connected users |
| chown <NewOwner>:<NewGroup> <File> | Change file owner | ||
| chgrp <NewGroup> <File> | Change group of file | ||
| chmod | Change file permissions |
Processes
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| CTRL + C | Stop process |
| CTRL + Z | Pause process |
| %PID | Recover paused process |
| <command>& | Execute command in second plane |
| bg <command> | Execute command in second plane |
| ps | List processes |
| pstree | Show process tree |
| top | Processes viewer |
| htop | Process viewer more advanced than top |
| kill %PID | Terminate process |
| nice, renice | Process priorities: nice -n <command> |
| nohup <command> | Execute process avoiding its stop if the terminal is stopt |
| pgrep <pattern> | Retruns process that matches pattern |
| locate <program> | Returns program path |
Firewall
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| iptables | Firewall rules |
| service iptables [start, stop] | Activate/deactivate firewall |
| route -n | Shows routing table |
Networking
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| netstat | |
| nmap | Network mapping |
| nm-tool | Network monitor tool |
| nm-connection-editor | Network monitor editor |
| ifconfig | Show network configuration |
| iwconfig | Show WiFi connections |
| service networkmanager restart | Restart network daemon |
Network Manager configuration files:
- /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/name-of-connection
Network configuration file:
- /etc/network/interfaces
Linux key files/directories
See: Linux key files/directories
Programs
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| git | Software repository |
| coursera-dl | |
| jp2a | Jpg to ASCII |
| john | John the ripper |
| macchanger | Change MAC address |
| openvpn | Connect to VPN |
| terminator | Advanced terminal |
| virtualenv | Create virtual enviroments |
| virtualenvwrapper | Simplify virtualenv ussage |
| youtube-dl | YouTube video downloader |
vnc:escritorio remoto
Save command without running to recover later
ctrl+u --> saves ctrl+y --> recover