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→Linux general commands
== Linux general commands ==
== Linux general commands ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Command !! Description
! Command !! Description
|-
|-
| tty || Shows the terminal where you are connected
| [[Linux_command:_alias|alias]] || Creates a commnad
|-
| [[Linux_command:_alien|alien]] || Migrate packages from .rpm to .deb and vice versa
|-
| apropos <subject> || Sows commnads related to a subject
|-
|-
| free || Shows free memory
| [[Linux_comand:_apt-get|apt-get]] || Package installation and system update
|-
|-
| date || Shows date
| [[Linux_command:_awk|awk]] || CLI text processor
|-
|-
| cal || Shows calendar
| cal || Shows calendar
|-
| cat <filename> || Shows file content
|-
|-
| clear || Clear screen
| clear || Clear screen
|-
|-
| who || Connected persons
| [[Linux_command:_date|date]] || Shows date
|-
| [[Linux_command:_dd|dd]] || Create / Dump images
|-
|-
| whoami || Who am i
| df || Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h -x devtmpfs -x tmpfs
|-
|-
| [[Linux_command:_uname|uname]] || Shows system info
| dpkg || .deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb
|-
|-
| [[Linux_command:_du|du]] || Disk ussage
| [[Linux_command:_du|du]] || Disk ussage
|-
|-
| df || Shows the disk ussage. Example: df -h
| export VARIABLE=VALUE || To create system variables
|-
| [[Linux_command:_fsck|fsck]] || Check file system
|-
| [[Linux_command:_fdisk|fdisk]] || Disk partition utility
|-
| [[Linux_command:_find|find]] || Find files
|-
| free || Shows free memory
|-
| [[Linux:_gpg|gpg]] || GnuPG
|-
| [[Linux_comand:_grep|grep]] || finds text matching regex or text
|-
|-
| man <command> || Sowhs a command manual page
| head || Shows file start (-n, -f,...)
|-
|-
| apropos <subject> || Sows commnads related to a subject
| history || Shows the commnad history (contained in ~.bash_history)
|-
|-
| info <command> || Sows command info
| info <command> || Sows command info
|-
|-
| history || Shows the commnad history (contained in ~.bash_history)
| [[Linux_command:_ln|ln]] || Create simbolic links
|-
| lsb_release -a || Show os name and version
|-
| lsblk ||
|-
|-
| pwd || Shows working directory
| lspci -v || View PCI device information
|-
|-
| touch <file_name> || Creates an empty file
| lscpu || List cpu cores
|-
|-
| [[Linux_command:_alias|alias]] || Creates a commnad
| lsof || <nowiki>sudo lsof -i -n | egrep '\<ssh\>'</nowiki>
|-
|-
| cat <filename> || Shows file content
| man <command> || Sowhs a command manual page
|-
|-
| more <filename> || Shows file content, screen by screen
| mc || Midnight commander. File system navigation
|-
|-
| head || Shows file start (-n, -f,...)
| mkdosfs -F32 /dev/mmcblk0 || Format SD card with FAT32
|-
|-
| tail || Shows file end (-n, -f, ...)
| more <filename> || Shows file content, screen by screen
|-
|-
| sort || Sorts the content of a file line by line
| mount || File sistem mounting
|-
|-
| <nowiki><cmd1> | <cmd2></nowiki> || Pipe: takes the output of command1 as input of command2. example: <nowiki>cat /etc/passwd | sort | more</nowiki>
| pwd || Shows working directory
|-
|-
| rsync -a ruta1 ruta2 [--exclude=/{dir1, dir2..]/] || Copies files from ruta1 to ruta2 excluding dir1, dir2,...
| rsync -a ruta1 ruta2 [--exclude=/{dir1, dir2..]/] || Copies files from ruta1 to ruta2 excluding dir1, dir2,...
|-
|-
| grep <text> || finds text
| [[Linux command: rename|rename]] || Rename files allowing regex
|-
|-
| wc -l || Counts lines
| scp || Copy files to a remote machine over ssh protocol
|-
|-
| [[Linux_command:_find|find]] || Find files
| [[Linux:_SSH|ssh]] || ssh (Secure Shell)
|-
|-
| [[Linux_comand:_apt-get|apt-get]] || Package installation and system update
| [[Linux_command:_sed|sed]] || String replacement
|-
|-
| dpkg || .deb package installation: sudo dpkg -i packagename.deb
| sort || Sorts the content of a file line by line
|-
|-
| su || Log as root at the terminal (sudo su)
| su || Log as root at the terminal (sudo su)
|-
|-
| mount || File sistem mounting
| sudo <command>|| Execute command as root
|-
| [[Linux_command:_tar|tar]] || Compress/decompress tar files
|-
| [[Linux command: tail|tail]] || Shows file end (-n, -f, ...)
|-
| touch <file_name> || Creates an empty file
|-
|-
| [[Linux:_vim|vim]] || Text file editor
| tty || Shows the terminal where you are connected
|-
|-
| mc || Midnight commander. File system navigation
| [[Linux_command:_uname|uname]] || Shows system info
|-
|-
| [[Linux_command:_alien|alien]] || Migrate packages from .rpm to .deb and vice versa
| [[Linux_comand:_visudo|visudo]] || visudo is used to securely edit /etc/sudoers
|-
|-
| scp || Copy files to a remote machine over ssh protocol
| wc -l || Counts lines
|-
|-
| [[Linux_command:_wget|wget]] || Download files/web pages
| [[Linux_command:_wget|wget]] || Download files/web pages
|-
|-
| [[Linux_command:_fdisk|fdisk]] || Disk partition utility
| [[Linux:_vim|vim]] || Text file editor
|-
| who || Connected persons
|-
| whoami || Who am i
|-
|-
| [[Linux_command:_terminator|terminator]] || Advanced terminal
| [[Linux_command:_xargs|xargs]] || Send output of command to stdin
|-
|-
| lspci -v || View PCI device information
| <nowiki><cmd1> | <cmd2></nowiki> || Pipe: takes the output of command1 as input of command2. example: <nowiki>cat /etc/passwd | sort | more</nowiki>
|}
|}
== Users and File permissions ==
== Users ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
|-
|-
| chgrp <NewGroup> <File> || Change group of file
| chgrp <NewGroup> <File> || Change group of file
|-
| [[Linux_command:_chmod|chmod]] || Change file permissions
|}
|}
|-
|-
|}
|}
== Firewall ==
== Firewall ==
|-
|-
! Command !! Description
! Command !! Description
|-
| [[Linux command: netstat|netstat]] ||
|-
| nmap || Network mapping
|-
|-
| nm-tool || Network monitor tool
| nm-tool || Network monitor tool
== Linux key files/directories ==
== Linux key files/directories ==
See: [[Linux:_Key_files/folders|Linux key files/directories]]
See: [[Linux:_Key_files/folders|Linux key files/directories]]
== Programs ==
== Programs ==
|-
|-
! Command !! Description
! Command !! Description
|-
| [[Linux_command:_git|git]] || Software repository
|-
| coursera-dl ||
|-
| [[Jp2a|jp2a]] || Jpg to ASCII
|-
|-
| [[Linux:_John|john]] || John the ripper
| [[Linux:_John|john]] || John the ripper
|-
| [[Linux:_macchanger|macchanger]] || Change MAC address
|-
| openvpn || Connect to VPN
|-
| [[Linux_command:_terminator|terminator]] || Advanced terminal
|-
| [[Virtualenv|virtualenv]] || Create virtual enviroments
|-
| [[Virtualenvwrapper|virtualenvwrapper]] || Simplify virtualenv ussage
|-
|-
| [[Linux:_youtube-dl|youtube-dl]] || YouTube video downloader
| [[Linux:_youtube-dl|youtube-dl]] || YouTube video downloader
|}
|}
vnc:escritorio remoto
== Save command without running to recover later ==
ctrl+u --> saves
ctrl+y --> recover